Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place, primarily caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—to build up on the teeth and harden. It starts with swollen, red, and bleeding gums. If left untreated, it can spread to the bones surrounding the gums, making it painful to chew. In severe cases, teeth may become loose or need to be removed.
Causes of Gum Disease
The primary cause of gum disease is plaque buildup due to inadequate oral hygiene. However, other factors can contribute, including:
- Smoking or tobacco use
- Hormonal changes
- Diabetes
- Certain medications that reduce saliva flow
- Genetic susceptibility
- Poor nutrition
Signs and Symptoms
Early detection of gum disease is crucial. Be aware of the following warning signs:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath
- Receding gums
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Pus between gums and teeth
Stages of Gum Disease
- Gingivitis: The earliest stage, characterized by red, puffy gums that may bleed when you brush or floss. At this stage, there’s no bone loss, and gingivitis is reversible with proper treatment.
- Periodontitis: If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontitis. The bacteria have seeped beneath your gums, affecting the supporting bone. Your gums may pull away from your teeth, creating pockets around them. Plaque and bacteria like to hide in these pockets, where your toothbrush and floss can’t reach.
Treatment Options
Treating gum disease effectively depends on its stage:
- Professional Cleanings: In the early stages, professional dental cleanings can remove plaque and tartar, reversing gingivitis.
- Scaling and Root Planing: A deep-cleaning procedure to remove plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooth the root surfaces, helping gums reattach to teeth.
- Antibiotic Therapy: Prescribed to control bacterial infection, available as oral medication, mouth rinses, or localized applications.
- Surgical Treatments: For advanced cases, procedures like flap surgery, gum grafts, or bone grafts may be necessary to restore supportive tissues.
For those seeking gum disease treatment in Auckland, there are several reputable dental clinics offering specialized periodontal care. General Dentist in North Shore provides treatments such as scaling and root planing to address gum disease effectively.
Prevention Strategies
Preventing gum disease involves maintaining good oral hygiene and healthy lifestyle choices:
- Brush Twice Daily: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste for at least two minutes.
- Floss Daily: Removes plaque and food particles between teeth and along the gumline.
- Use Antimicrobial Mouthwash: Helps reduce bacteria in your mouth.
- Regular Dental Check-ups: Visit your dentist every six months for professional cleanings and exams.
- Avoid Tobacco: Smoking and other tobacco use are major risk factors for gum disease.
- Maintain a Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals strengthens gums and teeth.
If you’re looking for a general dentist in Northcote offers comprehensive dental services, including preventive care to help maintain optimal oral health. Their team is dedicated to providing personalized treatment plans to meet each patient’s unique needs.
Conclusion
Gum disease is a serious condition, but it’s preventable and treatable when caught early. By staying vigilant about your oral hygiene routine and scheduling regular dental check-ups, you can protect your gums and maintain a healthy smile. If you notice any signs or symptoms of gum disease, don’t wait—contact your dentist today for a consultation.
